🇵🇹 Portugal

The SNS is open to legal residents, not just citizens — access is guaranteed regardless of economic or social condition. Once you have residency you formalise your entitlement at your local Social Security district centre (Centro Distrital de Segurança Social), take the certificate to the health centre for your area, and they assign you an SNS número de utente. That number gets you primary, hospital, urgent and scheduled care.

Typical cost: Public care is heavily subsidised; expect small taxas moderadoras per visit rather than a bill. Private cover is common as a top-up for speed, not because the public system is closed to you.

Tip: pair with travel-medical + medical-evacuation cover.

Taxed. Residents declare worldwide income.

Residents are subject to IRS on the totality of their income, including income obtained outside Portugal — declared on Annex J of the Modelo 3 return. Tax already paid in the source country is credited against the Portuguese bill, so the same income is not taxed twice. Foreign tax authorities report your income directly to the AT, so undeclared foreign income is visible to them.

Not tax advice — confirm with a local professional.

Widely spoken by younger people and in tourism/hospitality in Lisbon, Porto and the Algarve; less so in rural areas.